Details
CHINA. TREATY OF TIENTSIN.
Document on paper, signed by the Earl of Elgin and Kincardine and the Chinese official ..., narrating the convention annexed to the Treaty of Tientsin by which a sum of two million taels would be paid on account of the losses sustained by British subjects. Tientsin, 26 June 1858. 'through the misconduct of the Chinese authorities at Canton' and a further sum of two million taels on account of the military expedition sent out to enforce 'the due observance of Treaty Provisions', following the payment of which sums by the authorities of the province of Kwang Tung, the British forces will be withdrawn from the city of Canton, 5 pages on bifolium, (sixteenth day, fifth moon, of the eighth year of Hien-fûng), with the wax armorial seal of the Earl of Elgin and Kincardine and the personal Chinese bookblock seal.
The first China War [Opium Wars] of 1839-42 was fought by the British to secure satisfactory trading arrangements in China. These were established by the Treaty of Nanking (1842) which opened the ports of Canton and Shanghai to European trade. A second conflict began in 1856 because of the refusal of the Chinese to adhere to the obligations of the treaty. The seizure of a British ship, the Arrow, was punished by the bombardment of Canton and the dispatch of an expeditionary force from Shanghai against Peking. The compensation for these actions is outlined in the convention offered for sale. The Treaty of Tientsin was signed in 1858 and ratified in 1860. James, 8th Earl of Elgin and 12th Earl of Kincardine (1811-63) was appointed envoy to China in 1857. The Emperor Hien-fûng reigned from 1850 until his death in 1861.
Document on paper, signed by the Earl of Elgin and Kincardine and the Chinese official ..., narrating the convention annexed to the Treaty of Tientsin by which a sum of two million taels would be paid on account of the losses sustained by British subjects. Tientsin, 26 June 1858. 'through the misconduct of the Chinese authorities at Canton' and a further sum of two million taels on account of the military expedition sent out to enforce 'the due observance of Treaty Provisions', following the payment of which sums by the authorities of the province of Kwang Tung, the British forces will be withdrawn from the city of Canton, 5 pages on bifolium, (sixteenth day, fifth moon, of the eighth year of Hien-fûng), with the wax armorial seal of the Earl of Elgin and Kincardine and the personal Chinese bookblock seal.
The first China War [Opium Wars] of 1839-42 was fought by the British to secure satisfactory trading arrangements in China. These were established by the Treaty of Nanking (1842) which opened the ports of Canton and Shanghai to European trade. A second conflict began in 1856 because of the refusal of the Chinese to adhere to the obligations of the treaty. The seizure of a British ship, the Arrow, was punished by the bombardment of Canton and the dispatch of an expeditionary force from Shanghai against Peking. The compensation for these actions is outlined in the convention offered for sale. The Treaty of Tientsin was signed in 1858 and ratified in 1860. James, 8th Earl of Elgin and 12th Earl of Kincardine (1811-63) was appointed envoy to China in 1857. The Emperor Hien-fûng reigned from 1850 until his death in 1861.