THE PROPERTY OF A GENTLEMAN 
Jean-François Millet (French, 1814-1875)

Details
Jean-François Millet (French, 1814-1875)

First Steps (Les Premiers Pas)

signed 'J.F. Millet' lower right--pencil, black chalk and watercolor on paper
10¾ x 14 3/8in. (27.4 x 36.5cm.)
Provenance
Dr. Cornil (or Caenil) by 1900
General de Messing
George Bernheim, Paris, sold 1918 to
Knoedler, New York, sold 1918 to
Charles B. Eddy, sold 1924 to
Knoedler, New York, sold 1924 to
Joseph R. Bowles, Portland, Oregon, and by descent to
Bernice C. Bowles, Portland, Oregon, and by descent to
Marion Bowles Hollis, California
Wildenstein & Co., New York
Kleeman Galleries, New York
Private Collection
Literature
J. Comte, ed., L'Art à l'Exposition universelle de 1900, Paris: Librairie de l'art ancient et moderne, 1900 (illus. p. 111)
[R. L. Herbert], Jean-François Millet, Paris: Editions des Musées nationaux (exhibition catalogue: Paris Grand Palais), 1975, p. 140
A. R. Murphy, Jean-François Millet, Boston: Museum of Fine Arts (exhibition catalogue), 1984, p. 115
Exhibited
Paris, Exposition centennale de l'Art Français (Exposition Universelle), 1900, no. 1177
On loan to the Portland Art Museum, 1953-54
London, Hazlitt Gallery, Some Paintings of the Barbizon School, 1960, no. 27 (illus.)

Lot Essay

Throughout the 1850s and 1860s, Millet often favored the more intimate media of drawing for scenes taken from the daily life of his own household or the private moments of the peasant families who were his neighbors in Barbizon. First Steps is the first of Millet's four finished drawings of the theme of a child reaching towards his father as he starts to toddle across an open farmyard, and it is the only version executed in watercolor.

Drawings fully colored with watercolors are very rare in Millet's oeuvre and consequently difficult to date. However, the drawing style and the emphasis on relatively large-scale figures centred in a simplified setting distinguish the First Steps from the three compositions executed in crayon and pastel--Lauren Rogers Library, Laurel, Mississippi; Cleveland Museum of Art; and private collection Germany--which are known from correspondence to date to 1858-59. The watercolor drawing of First Steps was probably created in 1853-54, when Millet was also working on a more formal family composition in oils, Man Grafting a Tree (Munich, Neue Pinakothek).

By the mid-1850s, Millet was already the father of four children, and he may well have found inspiration for the general subject of First Steps in his own experience. However, the pose of the mother supporting her young child is strinkingly similar to a drawing in the Louvre's collection, Rembrandt's The Pancake Woman. Millet was strongly moved by Rÿmbrandt's work and a number of the French painter's family scenes of the 1850's bear much-remarked parallels to the drawings and etchings of the seventeenth-century master.

More than a dozen studies and sketches are related to the group of First Steps drawings. One preliminary sketch that was direcly incorporated in the present drawing is the study of a woman supporting a child in the Cabanet des Dessins, Musée du Louvre, GM10350/R.F. 5686.

In 1890, Van Gogh copied a later version of First Steps (from a reproduction) in a painting now belonging to The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.

We are grateful to Alexandra Murphy for her assistance in preparing this catalogue entry.