Previous sold at Christie's Hong Kong, 18 March 1991, lot 588; again at Christie's Hong Kong, 2 May 1994, lot 724; and Sotheby's Hong Kong, 2 May 2005, lot 674.

A nearly identical vase in the Chang Foundation is illustrated by James Spencer in Selected Chinese Ceramics from Han to Qing Dynasties, pl. 35, no. 157. Compare a pair of Qianlong-marked vases of similar form with a Ru-type glaze included in Selected Ceramics from the Collection of Mr. and Mrs. J.M. Hu, Shanghai Museum, 1989, Catalogue, no. 72, and another with a pale greenish-blue glaze in the National Palace Museum was included in the exhibition K'ang-hsi, Yung-cheng and Ch'ien-lung Wares, 1986, illustrated in the Catalogue, no. 102. Compare also an example with a Guanyao-type glaze sold at Christie's Hong Kong, 19 January 1988, lot 353, and others sold Sotheby's Hong Kong 20 May 1987, lot 486 and 16/17 May 1989, lot 178.

Compare with a Song dynasty prototype, a Guanyao vase, illustrated in Porcelain of the National Palace Museum, Kuan Ware of the Southern Song Dynasty, Book II, pl. 12; and another example sold at Christie's London, 12 October 1970, illustrated by A. du Boulay, Christie's Pictorial History of Chinese Ceramics, p. 91, nos. 5 and 5A.