Lot Essay
The arms on the left side of this jug appear to be those of Charles V, King of Spain (as Charles I, 1516-1556) and Holy Roman Emperor (1530-1556); and the arms on the right are earlier, perhaps of his mother, Joanna The Mad (1479-1555). See David Gaimster, German Stoneware 1200-1900, London, 1997, p. 241, no. 94 for a related jug with similar lions and the shield of a de Wall family potter in the British Museum (BM MLA 1855,12-1,207, Bernal Collection). For a discussion of the de Wall family, see H. Hellebrandt, 'Raerener Steinzeug', in Steinzeug aus dem Raerener und Aachener Raum, 1977, pp. 53 and 136.