Lot Essay
A closely related pen case, veneered with mother-of-pearl scales can be dated to the reign of Sultan 'Uthman III (r. 1754-57 AD) since it bears the sultan's tughra (Garo Kürkman, Ottoman Silver Marks, Istanbul, 1996, p.163). Another pen case of the same form and construction, although made of papier-mâché, has a silver inkwell concealed in the lower part which bears a tughra of Sultan Mahmud I (r. 1730-54 AD).